考研必备短语(考研英语完型填空有哪些逻辑关系题)

逻辑关系题是完型填空的重要考查点，且容易得分，故成为完型的重要得分点。完型中主要考察的五大逻辑关系为：对立关系、因果关系、并列关系、总分关系和递进关系。

一、对立关系

包括让步和转折关系，常见的标志词和短语有：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, unfortunately, although, even though, nevertheless, in spite of, regardless of, anyhow, instead of, rather than, not…but等。

如2000年完型第41题：

He must store a large quantity of grain ___ consuming all his grain immediately.

[A]other than [B]as well as [C]instead of[D]more than

答案：C

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“储存了大量粮食”与空后“消耗所有粮食”形成对立关系，选C instead of。

二、因果关系

常用的标志词和短语有：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, such…that, in order that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, in response to, on account of, because of, considering that, seeing that, in that, now that, lest, as a result, for this reason等。

如2004年完型第34题：

More families consist of one parent households or two working parents, ___, children are likely to have less supervision at home.

[A]contrarily [B]consequently[C]similarly [D]simultaneously

答案：B

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“更多的家庭是单亲家庭或双工家庭”与空后“孩子在家很少受到监管”之间是因果关系，故所B consequently。

三、并列关系

常用的标志词和短语有：and, or, neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, same…as等。

如2004年完型第25题：

Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, ___ as a rejection of middle-class values.

[A]or[B]but rather [C]but [D]or else

答案：A

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“没有成功提升社会经济地位”与空后“排斥中产阶级的价值观”都可能是“犯罪”的原因，故空前和空后之间是并列关系，选A or。

四、总分关系

常用的标志词和短语有：such as, for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically等。

如2001年完型第31题：

The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases ___ the trial of Rosemary West.

[A]as to [B]for instance [C]in particular [D]such as

答案：D

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“prominent cases”与空后“the trial of Rosemary West”是包含的关系，总体与部分的关系，可以选for instance和such as，但for instance后面不能直接加名词，such as后要直接加名词，故选D such as。

五、递进关系

常用的标志词和短语有：then, besides, additionally, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more等。

如1994年完型第46题：

Too often, careless use of words prevents a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener which interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.

___, inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.

[A]Moreover[B]However [C]Preliminarily [D]Unexpectedly

答案：A

解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。此空位于段首，需要考虑本段与上一段的逻辑关系，上一段提到“careless use of words”给交谈带来的障碍，空后则提到“inaccurate or indefinite words”理解信息造成的困难。前后是递进关系，故选择A moreover。

掌握了逻辑关系这一个法宝，完型得分就不再是问题。

Look?it?up?in?a?dictionary--在字典里查阅

It

单词释义：它指婴儿，尤指性别不详者指已知或发生的事实或情况

应用场景：高考，CET4，考研

相关短语：

该放下就放下

Put?it?down?when?it's?time?to?put?it?down

她就有了全

She ll?have?it?all

把放到桶里

Put?it?in?the?bucket

是的,它是

Yes,?it?is

dictionary

单词释义：词典字典辞书术语大全词典电子词典

n.词典,?字典,?辞书,?术语大全,?词典,?电子词典

应用场景：高考，CET4，考研

记忆方法：diction?措辞?+?ary?物?→?含有措辞的物?→?字典

相关短语：

哪个字典可以把汉语

Which?dictionary?can?translate?Chinese

这是我的词典?那是她的

This?is?my?dictionary?and?that?is?hers

the

单词释义：指已提到或易领会到的人或事物指的、正常的或不言而喻的人或事物解说时用

应用场景：高考，考研

相关短语：

想去看海

Want?to?see?the?sea

在右

On?the?right

冲过终点线

Cross?the?finish?line

在冰箱里

In?the?fridge

look

相关短语：

他们看起来很像?的

They?look?alike

看这只猫它是肥

Look?at?this?cat.?It\'s?fat

看我们笑的多开心

Look?how?happy?we?laugh

照照镜子就知道了

Just?look?in?the?mirror

up

单词释义：向较高位置向上在上面向较高水平加大朝的方向向…的地方向，在沿着顺着向…上游溯流而上向上的往上移动的高兴快乐激动在运行突然移动突然做…的价格效用通路

应用场景：高考，考研，BEC

相关短语：

我对你的放弃了

I?gave?up?on?you

因为她起晚了

Because?she?got?up?late

熬夜做

Stay?up?late?to?do

站起坐下

Stand?up?and?sit?down

in

单词释义：在某一点在中在…内在…中进入在里面在内在家里在工作单位的时髦的执政者门路知情者

应用场景：高考，CET4，考研

相关短语：

天气在夏天变热

It?gets?hot?in?summer

我衣衫褴褛哟

I\'m?in?rags

他是我们班的男生

He?is?a?boy?in?our?class

读英语用英语说

Read?English?and?speak?in?English

Look

单词释义：看瞧寻找寻求注意留心留神查找眼神表情神情脸色喂，听我说

应用场景：高考，CET4，考研

相关短语：

你看起来和以前一样瘦

You?look?as?thin?as?before

他们看起来很开心

They?look?happy

她看起来怎么了

What?does?she?look?like

你多向远处看

You?look?far?away

相关英语短语

在字典中查阅

Look?it?up?in?the?dictionary

在字典中查阅它们

Look?them?up?in?the?dictionary

在字典中查阅它

Look?it?up?in?the?dictionary

(在字典里)查阅

Look?up?(in?a?dictionary)

你可以用字典查阅新单词

You?can?look?up?new?words?in?a?dictionary

查阅字典

Consult?a?dictionary